Variability of Water and Air Temperature along the Coast of the Eastern Primorye and Khabarovsk Territory Based on the Weather Station Data

L. A. Gayko

V. I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation

e-mail: gayko@yandex.ru

Abstract

Purpose. The study is aimed at identifying (within the framework of continuous temperature monitoring) the features of annual and interannual dynamics of water and air temperature along the northwestern coast of the Sea of Japan and the western coast of the Tatarsky Strait in 1950–2020.

Methods and Results. Spatial-temporal structure of the monthly average water and air temperature was analyzed based on the data obtained at the coastal weather stations, namely Rudnaya Pristan, Sosunovo and Sovetskaya Gavan (the FSBI Primorsky Directorate for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring archive). Comparison of the intra-annual temperature distribution revealed the fact that in particular months, at the stations located to the north, it can be higher than that at the stations located to the south. In other words, the latitudinal temperature distribution correlation between the weather stations was broken, which was probably due to the local water circulation. Comparison of temperature anomalies from the basic and current climatic normals calculated for the periods of 1961–1990 and 1981–2010 (recommended by WMO) showed that water and air temperatures at the stations were mostly lower than the current normal, yet above the basic one. The regression analysis of interannual temperature variability revealed a positive linear trend with the 5% confidence level in the water temperature dynamics at the Sovetskaya Gavan and Sosunovo weather stations, and in the air temperature dynamics – at all the weather stations. It is shown that the coastal weather stations recorded increase not only of the temperature annual average values, but also of the seasonal ones, although at different rates. At the coastal stations, the water temperature increase is the highest during a warm season with its maximum at the Sosunovo weather station (0.24 ºС / 10 years), whereas that of the air temperature – during a cold season with its maximum at the Sovetskaya Gavan weather station (0.31 ºС / 10 years). The integral curves of temperature anomalies against the mean multi-year value were used to identify long-term trends of the water and air temperature decrease starting from around 1950 up to 1986–1988, that was followed by abrupt ascend of the integral curve till 1995. Then the temperature increase suspended up to 2001 and further ascended till 2020.

Conclusions. On the whole over the studied period, at the coast of the eastern Primorye and Khabarovsk territory, mainly negative anomalies of the water and air temperature were predominant starting from the 50ies of the last century, whereas from the late 80ies up to 2020, the positive anomalies dominated. At present temperature rise in the region under study is characterized by a stable statistically significant positive linear trend and by an increase in the climatic normals, i.e. a tendency to temperature increase along the whole coast is observed.

Keywords

temperature anomaly, coastal weather station, climatic normal, regional climate, water temperature, air temperature, temperature trend, Tatarsky Strait, Sea of Japan

Acknowledgements

The work was carried out within the framework of the state budget theme of POI FEB RAS, registration No. 121021700346-7. The author expresses gratitude to the management and employees of the Primorsky Territorial Administration for Hydrometeorology and Natural Environment Control for the provided archival materials, and to the reviewer and editors of the Journal for their constructive remarks.

Original russian text

Original Russian Text © L. A. Gayko, 2022, published in MORSKOY GIDROFIZICHESKIY ZHURNAL, Vol. 38, Iss. 4, pp. 389-404 (2022)

For citation

Gayko, L.A., 2022. Variability of Water and Air Temperature along the Coast of the Eastern Primorye and Khabarovsk Territory Based on the Weather Station Data. Physical Oceanography, 29(4), pp. 363-378. doi:10.22449/1573-160X-2022-4-363-378

DOI

10.22449/1573-160X-2022-4-363-378

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