Variability of Equilibrium Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (pCO2) and Concentration of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (TCO2) in the Black Sea Coastal Waters in 2010–2014

D.S. Khoruzhii

Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation

e-mail: khoruzhiy@mhi-ras.ru

Abstract

Based on direct field measurements of pCO2 and TCO2 carried out in 2010–2014 in the Black Sea coastal waters, dynamics of inorganic carbon on different time scales is considered. It is shown that the highest variability of both parameters on a small time scale is observed during the seawater spring warming resulting from the upwelling impact. The diurnal variations of the pCO2 and TCO2 values (in course of the analogous period) demonstrate no pronounced tendencies; they are characterized by significant inter-annual variability. In course of summer and autumn-winter hydrological seasons, the diurnal variation of pCO2 and TCO2 is insignificant. The minimum values of TCO2 are observed in summer and autumn-winter, whereas the maximum ones – in spring during upwelling. The pCO2 value in seawater achieves its maximum in late spring and minimum – in late autumn–early winter hydrological season. The results of pCO2 measurements in a warm season prove the previous notions on the Black Sea waters as a source of CO2 emission to the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is assumed to be more intensively bound and transformed into the other forms of inorganic carbon in a cold season. Possible reason of this phenomenon can consist in increase of the suspended matter inflow to the water area due to more frequent storms and growth of the terrigenous runoff volume. In cold season, the lower pCO2 is characteristic of seawater and the higher one – of the atmosphere. Complex character of pCO2 temporal variability testifies to heterogeneity and different intensity of the factors influencing this value in different seasons.

Keywords

equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2), diurnal variation of pCO2 and TCO2, inter-diurnal changes of pCO2 and TCO2, seasonal variations of pCO2 and TCO2, the Black Sea coastal waters, upwelling

For citation

Khoruzhii, D.S., 2016. Variability of Equilibrium Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (pCO2) and Concentration of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (TCO2) in the Black Sea Coastal Waters in 2010–2014. Physical Oceanography, (4), pp. 34-46. doi:10.22449/1573-160X-2016-4-34-46

DOI

10.22449/1573-160X-2016-4-34-46

References

  1. Borges, A.V., 2011, “Present Day Carbon Dioxide Fluxes in the Coastal Ocean and Possible Feedbacks under Global Change. Oceans and the Atmospheric Carbon Content”, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., pp. 47-77.
  2. Borges, A.V., 2005, “Do we have enough pieces of the jigsaw to integrate CO2 fluxes in the coastal ocean?”, Estuar., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 3-27, doi: 10.1007/BF02732750.
  3. Lasserre, P., Martin, J.-M., 1986, “Biogeochemical Processes at the Land-Sea Boundary”, Elsevier, 214 p.
  4. Zhorov, V.A., Abakumova, T.N. & Sovga, E.E. [et. al], 1981, “Ob obmene CO2 mezhdu morem i atmosferoy v nekotorykh rayonakh Chernogo morya [On CO2 exchange between the sea and the atmosphere in some areas of the Black Sea]”, Okeanologiya, vol. 21, iss. 1, pp. 55-62 (in Russian).
  5. Zhorov, V.A., Songa, E.E. & Abakumova, T.N., 1979, “Geokhimicheskie osobennosti raspredeleniya CO2 v nekotorykh rayonakh Chernogo morya [Geochemical features of CO2 distribution in some areas of the Black Sea]”, Geokhimiya, no. 9, pp. 1392-1403 (in Russian).
  6. Skopintsev, B.A., 1975, “Formirovanie sovremennogo khimicheskogo sostava vod Chernogo morya [Formation of contemporary chemical composition of the Black Sea waters]”, Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 336 p. (in Russian).
  7. Makkaveev, P.N., Bubnov, P.V., 1993, “Osobennosti vertikal'nogo raspredeleniya komponentov karbonatnoy sistemy v aerobnoy zone Chernogo morya [The features of carbonate system component vertical distribution in the Black Sea aerobic zone]”, Okeanologiya, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 354-359 (in Russian).
  8. Khoruzhii, D.S., Konovalov, S.K., 2014, “Sutochnyy khod i mezhsutochnye izmeneniya soderzhaniya uglekislogo gaza i rastvorennogo neorganicheskogo ugleroda v pribrezhnykh vodakh Chernogo morya [The diurnal and inter-diurnal variations of carbon dioxide and concentration of total dissolved inorganic carbon in the coastal waters of the Black Sea]”, Morskoy gidrofizicheskiy zhurnal, no. 1, pp. 28-43 (in Russian).
  9. Khoruzhii, D.S, 2009, “Opyt pryamogo opredeleniya partsial'nogo davleniya uglekislogo gaza (pCO2) i kontsentratsii rastvorennogo neorganicheskogo ugleroda (TCO2) v pribrezhnykh vodakh Chernogo morya letom 2009 [Experience of the direct measurement of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) in coastal waters of Black Sea in summer 2009]”, Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost' pribrezhnoy i shel'fovoy zon i kompleksnoe ispol'zovanie resursov shel'fa, iss. 20, pp. 195-203 (in Russian).
  10. Khoruzhii, D.S, Kondratyev, S.I & Medvedev, E.V. [et. al], 2010, “Dinamika partsial'nogo davleniya uglekislogo gaza i kontsentratsii rastvorennogo kisloroda v shel'fovykh vodakh Yuzhnogo berega Kryma v 2009 – 2010 gg. [Dynamics of carbon dioxide partial pressure and dissolved oxygen concentration in shelf water at the South coast of the Crimea in 2009 – 2010]”, Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost' pribrezhnoy i shel'fovoy zon i kompleksnoe ispol'zovanie resursov shel'fa, iss. 21, pp. 136-145 (in Russian).
  11. 2004, “LI-7000 CO2/H2O Analyzer Instruction Manual”, LI-COR, Inc., 222 p.
  12. 2004, “AS-C3 DIC Analyzer Instruction Manual”, Apollo SciTech, Inc., 20 p.
  13. Khoruzhii, D.S, 2010, “Ispol'zovanie pribornogo kompleksa AS-C3 dlya opredeleniya partsial'nogo davleniya uglekislogo gaza i kontsentratsii neorganicheskogo ugleroda v morskoy vode [The usage of AS-C3 instrumental complex for determination of carbon dioxide partial pressure and inorganic carbon concentration in the sea environment]”, Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost' pribrezhnoy i shel'fovoy zon i kompleksnoe ispol'zovanie resursov shel'fa, iss. 23, pp. 260-272 (in Russian).
  14. Zeebe, R.E., Wolf-Gladrow, D., 2001, “CO2 in seawater: equilibrium, kinetics, isotopes”, Elsevier, 346 p.
  15. Coto, B., Martos, C. & Peña, J.L. [et al.], 2012, “Effects in the solubility of CaCO3: Experimental study and model description”, Fluid Phase Equilibr., vol. 324, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1016/j.fluid.2012.03.020.
  16. Strong, A.L., Cullen, J.J. & Chisholm, S.W., 2009, “Ocean fertilization: Science, policy, and commerce”, Oceanogr., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 236-261, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2009.83.
  17. Silkin, V.A., Pautova, L.A. & Lifanchuk, A.V., 2013, “Fiziologicheskie mekhanizmy regulyatsii struktury morskikh fitoplanktonnykh soobshchestv [Physiological mechanisms of regulation of marine phytoplankton community structure]”, Fiziologiya rasteniy, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 574-581 (in Russian).
  18. Milliman, J.D., 1993, “Production and accumulation of calcium carbonate in the Ocean: Budget of a non-steady state”, Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles, vol. 7, iss. 4, pp. 927-957, doi: 10.1029/93GB02524.
  19. Emerson, St., Hedges, J., 2008, “Chemical Oceanography and the Marine Carbon Cycle”, Cambridge University Press, 453 p.

Download the article (PDF)

We use Yandex Metrics. Read more.

Мы используем Яндекс Метрику. Подробнее.