Investigation of Airborne Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere of the Black Sea Coastal Zone Based on the Measured and Satellite Data

А. V. Varenik✉, D. V. Kalinskaya, М. А. Myslina

Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation

✉ e-mail: alla.varenik@mhi-ras.ru

Abstract

Purpose. One of the most pressing problems of large cities is air pollution resulting from presence of various large and fine particles in the air. These micro-particles can be transported by the air currents over considerable distances, as well as coagulate various substances also present in the atmosphere. The purpose of the work is to study the content of particulate matter of 2.5 and 10 microns (PM2.5 and PM10) in the atmosphere of Sevastopol, as well as the processes affecting their concentration.

Methods and Results. During the period from February to June, 2020, the scientists of Marine Hydrophysical Institute (MHI), RAS measured mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in Sevastopol using the “Atmas” dust analyzer. A total of 180 measurements of the micro-particle concentrations in the air of Sevastopol were done, and 60 values of the PM2.5 and PM10 daily average concentrations were obtained. To analyze the preferred aerosol type for the dates with high content of suspended particles in the air, the CALIPSO satellite data were used. It is shown that the smoke recorded in the Sevastopol atmosphere on 19.02.2020 could lead to increase of the PM10 particles concentration. A day before the increased concentrations of suspended particles were revealed in the Sevastopol atmospheric air, the CALYPSO satellite data on aerosol typing over the Black Sea had shown predominance of the smoke aerosol in the atmosphere over the region under study.

Conclusions. The results of the investigation shows that in the atmosphere of Sevastopol, the cases when the PM2.5 and PM10 particles contents exceeded the maximum permissible daily average concentration by up to 3.4 times were detected. It was found that the main cause of air pollution with micro-particles in Sevastopol was the transfer both of air masses from the deserts in the African continent and Asia and the burning biomass aerosol (smoke). Air pollution with the PM10 particles caused by the local source, namely soil exсavation in immediate proximity to the air sampling point, was less significant.

Keywords

atmosphere, micro-particles, PM10, PM2.5, 24-hour average limit concentration

Acknowledgements

The investigation was carried out within the framework of the state task on themes No. 0827-2020-0004 and No. 0827-2020-0002, and the RFBR projects No. 19-05-50023 Mikromir and No. 18-05-80028.

Original russian text

Original Russian Text © А. V. Varenik, D. V. Kalinskaya, М. А. Myslina, 2021, published in MORSKOY GIDROFIZICHESKIY ZHURNAL, Vol. 37, Iss. 3, pp. 350-361 (2021)

For citation

Varenik, A.V., Kalinskaya, D.V. and Myslina, M.A., 2021. Investigation of Airborne Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere of the Black Sea Coastal Zone Based on the Measured and Satellite Data. Physical Oceanography, 28(3), pp. 326–337. doi:10.22449/1573-160X-2021-3-326–337

DOI

10.22449/1573-160X-2021-3-326–337

References

  1. Makosko, A.A. and Matesheva, A.V., 2020. Atmospheric Pollution of Population Life Quality in the 21st Century: Threats and Prospects. Moscow: Russian Academy of Sciences, 258 p. (in Russian).
  2. Revich, B.A., 2018. Fine Suspended Particulates in Ambient Air and Their Health Effects in Megalopolises. Problems of Ecological Monitoring and Ecosystem Modelling, 29(3), pp. 53-78. https://doi.org/10.21513/0207-2564-2018-3-53-78 (in Russian).
  3. Kalaeva, S.Z., Muratova, K.M., Chitiykov, Y.V. and Chebotarev, P.V., 2016. Influencing Fine-Dispersed Dust upon Biosphere and Human. Izvestiya Tula State University, (3, pp. 40-63 (in Russian).
  4. Lisitzin, A.P., 2013. Oceanic Sedimentation: Lithology and Geochemistry. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 407 p.
  5. Golokhvast, K.S., Aleinikova, E.A., Nikiforov, P.A., Gulkov, A.N. and Khristoforova, N.K., 2012. Size Analysis of Suspended Micro Particles in Rainfalls of Khabarovsk City. Water: Chemistry and Ecology, (6, pp. 117-122 (in Russian).
  6. Simonova, I.N. and Antonyuk, M.V., 2015. The Role of Industrial Air Pollution in Growth of Bronchopulmonary Pathology. Health. Medical Ecology. Science, (1, pp. 14-20. Available at: https://yadi.sk/i/KGO65DKmciVGN [Accessed: 08 May 2021] (in Russian).
  7. Brines, M., Dall'Osto, M., Beddows, D.C.S., Harrison, R.M., Gómez-Moreno, F., Núñez, L., Artíñano, B., Costabile, F., Gobbi, G.P., Salimi, F., Morawska, L., Sioutas, C. and Querol, X., 2015. Traffic and Nucleation Events as Main Sources of Ultrafine Particles in High-Insolation Developed World Cities. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15(10, pp. 5929-5945. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5929-2015
  8. Vu, T.V., Delgado-Saborit, J.M. and Harrison, R.M., 2015. Review: Particle Number Size Distributions from Seven Major Sources and Implications for Source Apportionment Studies. Atmospheric Environment, 122, pp. 114-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.027
  9. Garger, E.K., 1986. [On the Estimation of the Velocity and Direction of Impurity Transport in the Boundary Layer of the Atmosphere]. In: IEM, 1986. Proceedings of the Institute of Experimental Meteorology. Moscow: MO Gidrometeoizdata. Iss. 37, pp. 55-65 (in Russian.
  10. Wang, W., 2016. Progress in the Impact of Polluted Meteorological Conditions on the Incidence of Asthma. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 8(1, E57-E61. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.12.64
  11. Kuznetsova, I.N., Glazkova, A.A., Shalygina, I.Yu., Nakhaev, M.I., Arkhangelskaya, A.A., Zvyagintsev, A.M., Semutnikova, E.G., Zakharova, P.V. and Lezina, E.A., 2014. Seasonal and Diurnal Variability of Particulate Matter PM10 in Surface air of Moscow Habitable Districts. Optika Atmosfery i Okeana, 27(6, pp. 473-482 (in Russian).
  12. Malyshev, V.P., 2006. Major Threats and Hazards Facing the Population of Large Cities. Issues of Risk Analysis, 3(4, pp. 338-345 (in Russian).
  13. Kholodov, A., Ugay, S., Drozd, V., Maiss, N. and Golokhvast, K., 2017. Data on Microscale Atmospheric Pollution of Bolshoy Kamen Town (Primorsky Region, Russia). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 90, 012023. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/90/1/012023
  14. Adushkin, V.V., Chen, B.B., Popel, S.I., Weidler, P.G., Friedrich, F. and Izvekova, Yu.N., 2016. Properties and Origin of Small Particles in the Atmosphere of Central Asia. Doklady Earth Sciences, 466(2, pp. 177-182. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X16020094
  15. Griffin, D.W. and Kellogg, C.A., 2004. Dust Storms and Their Impact on Ocean and Human Health: Dust in Earth’s Atmosphere. EcoHealth, 1(3), pp. 284-295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-004-0120-8
  16. Koçak, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Tutsak, E., Theodosi, C., Zarmpas, P. and Kalegeri, P., 2015. PM10 and PM2.5 Composition over the Central Black Sea: Origin and Seasonal Variability. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(22), pp. 18076-18092. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4928-2
  17. Middleton, N. and Kang, U., 2017. Sand and Dust Storms: Impact Mitigation. Sustainability, 9(6), 1053. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9061053
  18. Varenik, A.V., Bobrova, S.A., Katunina, E.V., Malchenko, Yu.A. and Pereverzev, O.A., 2016. Regional Characteristics of Nutrients, Pollutants and Radionuclides Deposition with Atmospheric Precipitations and Aerosols in Sevastopol and Crimean Region. In: SOI, 2016. Proceedings of the State Oceanographic Institute. Iss. 217, pp. 209-221 (in Russian).
  19. Dyakov, N.N., Malchenko, Yu.A., Bobrova, S.A., Ryabinin, A.I., Lipchenko, A.E. and Taranov, V.V., 2017. Using the Meter Small-Angle Dispersity in Automated Systems Continuous Monitoring Particle Size Distribution of Aerosols. Monitoring Systems of Environment, (1), pp. 24-30. doi:10.33075/2220-5861-2017-1-24-30 (in Russian).
  20. Suetin, V.S., Korolev, S.N. and Kucheryaviy, A.A., 2016. Sun Glint Manifestation at Evaluating the Black Sea Water Optical Parameters Using Satellite Measurements. Physical Oceanography, (3), pp. 47-56. doi:10.22449/1573-160X-2016-3-47-56
  21. Mielonen, T., Arola, A., Komppula, M., Kukkonen, J., Koskinen, J., de Leeuw, G. and Lehtinen, K.E.J., 2009. Comparison of CALIOP Level 2 Aerosol Subtypes to Aerosol Types Derived from AERONET Inversion Data. Geophysical Research Letters, 36(18), L18804. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL039609
  22. Vaughan, M.A., Powell, K.A., Winker, D.M., Hostetler, C.A., Kuehn, R.E., Hunt, W.H., Getzewich, B.J., Young, S.A., Liu, Z. and McGill, M.J., 2009. Fully Automated Detection of Cloud and Aerosol Layers in the CALIPSO Lidar Measurements. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 26(10), pp. 2034-2050. https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JTECHA1228.1

Download the article (PDF)