Investigation of the Relationship between Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide and Sea Surface Temperature in the Cyclic Seasonal Variations in the Black Sea

D. A. Sergeev1, 2, ✉, Yu. I. Troitskaya1, O. S. Ermakova1, N. A. Orekhova3

1 Federal Research Center A. V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation

2 Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation

3 Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, Sevastopol, Russian Federation

✉ e-mail: daniil@ipfran.ru

Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of the study consists in describing the parameterization based on the field data, which take into account the relationship between the variability of рСО2 sw and the state of the surface water layer, depending on the sea surface temperature and allowing for geographical location and seasonality at the example of the Black Sea.

Methods and Results. The main seasonal trends of changes in рСО2 related to the variations in sea surface temperature are proposed based on special processing of direct measurement data on рСО2 of the surface layer obtained in the cruises of R/V Professor Vodyanitsky in 2015–2023 and at the stationary observation point of the Black Sea Hydrophysical Subsatellite Polygon (BSHSP), Katsiveli, in 2012–2022. The basic approach consists in describing the variations in рСО2 sw distribution over the sea surface using the linear approximations (trends) for three fixed seasons represented by four months (January – April, May – August and September – December) in each of the grid cells. It is shown that both in the coastal zone and in the open sea, the hysteresis dependences of рСО2 upon the sea surface temperature are manifested: the ratios of partial pressure and temperature during the periods of spring warming and autumn cooling are different. The reason for the observed hysteresis is related to a shift of the рСО2 sw fluctuation phase and a temperature change of about 1.5–2 months.

Conclusions. The dependence of рСО2 upon the sea surface temperature in an autumn-winter period turns out to be close to the dependences typical for the oceanic conditions in mid latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (the Atlantic and Pacific oceans). This can indicate the universal mechanisms of influence of the sea surface temperature (SST) upon рСО2 sw both for the local conditions in the Black Sea and for the open ocean during a certain seasonal period. Besides, such a similarity of dependences can mean that, most likely, SST directly conditions a value of рСО2 sw, whereas biological activity is not a determining factor. The obtained results can be used for describing and studying the variations of the СО2 sea – air fluxes in the Black Sea.

Keywords

рСО2, sea surface temperature, Black Sea

Acknowledgements

TThe study was carried out with financial support from grant No. 169-15-2023-002 (dated 01.03.2023) provided by the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring and within the framework of state assignment of FSBSI FRC MHI FNNN-2022-0002 on the theme “Monitoring of the carbonate system, CO2 content and fluxes in the marine environment of the Black and Azov seas”. The data were analyzed and compared to the open ocean data with the support of the RSF project No. 24-17-00299.

Original russian text

Original Russian Text © The Authors, 2024, published in MORSKOY GIDROFIZICHESKIY ZHURNAL, Vol. 40, Iss. 6, pp. 805–820 (2024)

For citation

Sergeev, D.A., Troitskaya, Yu.I., Ermakova, O.S. and Orekhova, N.A., 2024. Investigation of the Relationship between Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide and Sea Surface Temperature in the Cyclic Seasonal Variations in the Black Sea. Physical Oceanography, 31(6), pp. 757-771.

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